Massachusetts Barber Practice Exam

What should be done before applying a chemical relaxer?

1. Perform a patch test

2. Apply a conditioning treatment

3. Wash the hair with clarifying shampoo

4. Use a heat protectant spray

The correct answer is: Perform a patch test

Performing a patch test before applying a chemical relaxer is essential for ensuring the client's safety. This test helps to identify any potential allergic reactions to the chemical components of the relaxer. Chemicals used in these products can sometimes cause adverse skin reactions, including irritation or allergic responses. By applying a small amount of the relaxer to an inconspicuous area of the client's skin, typically behind the ear or on the inner elbow, professionals can observe for reactions over a specified period—typically 24 to 48 hours—before proceeding with the full application. This precaution significantly reduces the risk of negative outcomes during the relaxing process. While conditioning treatments, clarifying shampoos, and heat protectant sprays serve important roles in hair care, they do not address the critical safety aspect that the patch test provides. Conditioning treatments may help prepare the hair for the relaxer, but they do not assess skin sensitivity. Similarly, washing the hair with a clarifying shampoo or using heat protectants may contribute to a better overall treatment outcome, but they do not mitigate the risk of an allergic reaction to the chemicals involved in a relaxer. Hence, ensuring that the client is not allergic through a patch test is the necessary first step.